NEW YORK TIMES

 

November 1, 2002

Tenet Hospital in California Is Searched by U.S. Agents

By REED ABELSON

 

Tenet Healthcare , one of the largest for-profit  hospital chains, said yesterday
that one of its
California hospitals had been raided by federal officials seeking
information for an investigation into unnecessary surgeries, including open-heart
surgery, and possible Medicare billing fraud.

 

Federal officials say there is reason to believe that "many known and

unknown patients have been victims of a scheme to cause patients to undergo

unnecessary invasive coronary procedures," including artery bypass surgery

and heart valve replacement surgery, according to an affidavit by the F.B.I.

 

About 40 federal agents searched Redding Medical Center, a Tenet hospital,

and the offices of a cardiologist and cardiothoracic surgeon on Wednesday

morning. The two doctors have not been charged with any crime.

 

Tenet, which waited a day to disclose the news, said it had no reason to

believe the accusations were true. "We are fully cooperating," said Harry

Anderson, a company spokesman, who also said Tenet was conducting its own

investigation. "We're quite concerned about this."

 

While Tenet said it thought the federal investigation was limited to the two

doctors, it was unclear whether the hospital or the company might also be

involved. The United States attorneys office for the Eastern District of

California, which is helping to conduct the investigation, would not confirm

whether the investigation involved Redding or Tenet. The F.B.I. affidavit

said the hospital's chief executive was told of at least one patient's

concerns last June.

 

The company's stock lost more than a quarter of its value yesterday after

news of the raid became known. It closed at $28.75 a share, down $10.22.

The news raised concerns over whether the raid signaled broader concerns

about Tenet and its oversight of its network of hospitals, analysts said.

"That's the question of the hour," said Sheryl R. Skolnick, a managing

director at Fulcrum Global Partners, a New York research firm, who

recommended investors sell the stock as soon as reports about the raid began

to circulate.

 

The timing of Tenet's announcement, which came a day after the raid and

after the company met with analysts, also raised questions about Tenet's

handling of the news, which was disclosed in a news release from federal

authorities on Wednesday.

 

While Tenet said the news was not material, "obviously, investors thought it

was," said Rita Freedman, an analyst with PNC Advisors.

 

 

"This whole incident does call investors' attention to the question of the

integrity of management," she said.

 

The investigation, which also involves the Office of Inspector General at

the Department of Health and Human Services, is focused on the activities of

two doctors at Redding, Dr. Chae Hyun Moon, the hospital's director of

cardiology, and Dr. Fidel Realyvasquez Jr., the hospital's chairman of

cardiac surgery.

 

The doctors referred questions to their respective lawyers.

 

"This is clearly a dispute as to the appropriateness of medical

investigative procedures and to what degree a doctor has discretion to

provide his patients with the best care possible," said Malcolm Segal, a

lawyer in Sacramento who is representing Dr. Realyvasquez. The doctor is

cooperating fully with federal authorities, Mr. Segal said, and expects to

be able to convince them that he was doing what he thought was best for

those patients. John Reese, Dr. Moon's lawyer, declined to comment.

 

Redding, a 238-bed hospital, will perform more than 1,000 open-heart

surgeries this year, according to the F.B.I. affidavit, citing a firm

retained by the hospital to find a new director of cardiovascular operating

rooms. The hospital is also described as one of Tenet's most successful

hospitals.

 

Tenet emphasized that any decision to perform surgery would be made by the

physician, not the hospital.

 

"We don't have an independent means to judge medical necessity," said Mr.

Anderson, who described the doctors as "two very successful cardiologists in

private practice" who are not employees of the hospital or Tenet.

 

If the accusations of unnecessary surgery are proved to be true, analysts

said, it raises questions about the hospital and the company's oversight of

those doctors. One pertinent question, according to Ms. Skolnick, the

analyst, is whether the accusations might be part of a systemic problem

caused by a company culture that placed too much importance on the growing

volume of procedures in lucrative fields like orthopedics and cardiology.

"There is no question that these two doctors generated increasing volume at

Redding Medical Center," which had made an effort to build up its heart

program, Mr. Anderson said. But he emphasized that the hospital and Tenet

would not have necessarily viewed the higher volume as a warning sign, given

the growing prevalence of heart surgeries nationwide. He said the company

would be reviewing its internal policies governing the controls in place to

prevent such abuses as part of its own investigation.

 

But there is some indication that hospital executives were aware of

concerns, according to the F.B.I. affidavit and an interview with the lawyer

representing one patient who says Dr. Moon recommended bypass surgery that

two surgeons and four cardiologists later said was unnecessary.

The patient, the Rev. John Corapi, met with Redding's chief executive in

late June to express his concerns about Dr. Moon, according to Dugan Barr,

the patient's lawyer. The executive supported Dr. Moon, he said.

 

One medical professional also told federal authorities that many physicians

and administrators at Redding were aware of "this pattern of unnecessary

procedures" but that the doctors were extremely powerful because of the

revenue they generated, according to the affidavit.

 

Redding officials referred calls to Tenet, and Mr. Anderson said he could

not comment on the specific accusations. But he said the company would be

looking into the hospital's handling of the concerns.

 

Mr. Anderson also defended the company's decision not to alert investors

about the raid until yesterday afternoon. Tenet, which has come under

criticism for not explaining more fully why so many of its patients are

considered exceptions under Medicare reimbursement, had met with analysts

yesterday. Mr. Anderson said the company was aware of the raid but did not

consider it material information that needed to be shared with the public,

especially because Tenet was not aware of the decision by federal

authorities to issue a news release.